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The challenges of improving risk prediction in atrial fibrillation were brought to the forefront through recent research on multiple biomarkers. This work explores how various biomarkers are linked to different outcomes and their potential to refine risk prediction. Early findings suggest that no single pathway is responsible for the observed outcomes, underscoring the need for larger, more comprehensive studies. Such studies must include a wide range of biomarkers and phenotypic associations to accurately determine and predict the diverse outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation.

Highlights The autonomic nervous system plays a critical role in the aetiopathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF). Neuromodulation of the autonomic nervous system has been a topic of increased interest in the management of AF. Ablation of ganglionated plexi, ethanol ablation of the vein of Marshall, renal denervation and pulmonary vein isolation have demonstrated promising results […]

Summary Few clinical studies have shown an association between coronary artery disease (CAD) and osteoporosis. This cross-sectional study has shown that, among Indian postmenopausal women, the prevalence of CAD increases across lower bone mineral density categories. Femoral neck osteoporosis confers the higher odds of an underlying CAD. Osteoporosis and coronary artery disease (CAD) represent two […]

Hypertension (HTN) is one of the largest contributors to cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality in the USA and is estimated to affect 47% of the adult population or approximately 122 million adults older than 20 years of age.1 Recent estimates suggest that over 40% of these patients continue to have uncontrolled blood pressure (BP) and that […]

Catheter ablation (CA) is an invasive adjunctive therapeutic option for atrial and ventricular arrhythmias, in uncontrolled cases, following optimal medical therapy.1,2 The validation of 3D mapping and its implementation into clinical usage has been a remarkable achievement in the field of complex ablation of scar-related ventricular tachycardia (VT) in the early 2000s.3 In the setting of atrial […]